perspective. Large-scale surveys of entrepreneurs in the United States permit me to explore team formation, innovation, exchange processes, and boundary maintenance in nascent startups. My historical analyses address entrepreneurial activity leading to the founding of U.S. medical schools since the 18th century and the organizational transformation of Southern agriculture and industry in the post-bellum period. Table of Contents Introduction and ThemesThe Evolutionary ApproachHow the Evolutionary Approach Relates to Other ApproachesEntrepreneurs and the Emergence of New OrganizationsOrganizational BoundariesOrganizational FormsOrganizational TransformationOrganizations and Social ChangeEmergence of New Populations of OrganizationsReproducing PopulationsFoundings and DisbandingsCommunity Evolution Long Description "Howard Aldrich and Martin Ruef?'s tour de force shows us how the evolutionary approach can explain change not only in organizational populations, but within sectors and within organizations. Aldrich and Ruef display an astonishing command of the management literature, using vivid illustrations from cutting edge research to show how the processes of variation, selection, retention, and struggle operate within organizations and across them. A lucid and engaging book that should appeal both to the newcomer to organization theory and to the old pro."- Frank Dobbin, Harvard UniversityA keenly anticipated Second Edition of an award winning classic, Organizations Evolving presents a sophisticated evolutionary view of key organizational paradigms that will give readers a unified understanding of modern organizations. This Second Edition is up-to-date in its survey of the literature, as well as an overview of the new developments across organization studies. It contains new sections on organizational forms, community evolution and methods for studying organizations at multiple levels. The field of organization studies contains many contending paradigms that often puzzle and perplex students. This book is a stunning synthesis of the major organizational paradigms under the umbrella of organizational theory. Scholars and students will find it an excellent guide to the strengths and weaknesses of the various approaches, as well as an outstanding review of the best recent empirical research on organizations. The book includes many helpful features, such as: " Review questions and exercises that will consolidate reader's learning " A methodological appendix thatassesses common research methods " Engaging cases that bring principles and concepts to life This Second Edition is a rich resource for study, discussion and debate amongst organizational scholars and postgraduate students of organizations.